Oswald Theodore Avery was a Canadian-born U.S. bacteriologist. He studied at Colgate University but the major part of his career was spent at the Rockefeller University Hospital in New York City. He discovered Transformation, a process by which a change could be introduced into bacteria and passed to later generations of cells. Avery took exract from heated smooth bacteria and treated it with DNAase (digested DNA) then mixed it with rough bacteria and injected it into rats. He found out by doing this that the rats lived. Avery then took extract and treated it with Pretease (digested proteins) and mixed it with rough bacteria and injected it into rats, the rats died. This experiment showed that DNA, not protein, has the ability to transform cells.
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