Forensics

Only one tenth of a single percent of DNA (about 3 million bases) differs from one person to the other. Any type of organisms can be identified by there DNA. To identify human beings, scientists scan 13 different DNA regions to create a DNA profile (also known as a DNA fingerprint)
Some examples of Forensic DNA:

• help identify a suspect using evidence from a crime scene 
• fraternity and finding family relationships  
• to match organ donors with the receiver
• identify victims where there physical appearance is severally change in an indecent

In forensics DNA is collected from a crime scene can bring up or eliminate a suspicious suspect. Scientists collect DNA from blood, bone, hair. and different types of body tissue. The scientists would use that DNA collected from the crime scene and create a DNA profile. The DNA profile is then compared to the other DNA profiles from previous crimes to find a match.

These DNA profiles is the number of repeats of an individual has in both copies of all STR markers, plus AMEL. Crime labs use CODIS (Computer Software and DNA Profile Database) there are two different sets of profiles: criminal indexes and missing persons index. Criminal indexes are in all 50 states, because DNA collection is legal. Missing persons indexes is used for missing persons, unidentified human remains and relatives of missing persons. When there's a match between a suspect and forensic evidence, a follow up DNA analysis is held to confirm the match. When they don't match they eliminate the suspect from the investigation. Proper handling of the evidence is key to maintain the evidence for the current case, future cases, and even help solve past cases.

ornl.gov

dna.gov

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